Explanation:

Why D is correct:
The Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) is the foundational, global standard framework for greenhouse gas accounting. Salesforce Net Zero Cloud is built upon this methodology. It structures all carbon accounting within the platform around the GHGP's core principles, including the operational boundaries (Scopes 1, 2, and 3) and calculation methodologies. Every emission factor, calculation, and report in Net Zero Cloud is designed to be compliant with the GHGP.

Why A is incorrect:
The American Carbon Registry (ACR) is a leading carbon offset program and standard for certifying carbon credits. While Net Zero Cloud can track carbon credits purchased from standards like ACR, it is not the base accounting methodology for calculating an organization's own inventory.

Why B is incorrect:
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a specific offset program defined under the Kyoto Protocol. Like ACR, it is a standard for offset projects, not the foundational accounting methodology for corporate greenhouse gas inventories.

Why C is incorrect:
The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) is a non-profit organization that runs a global environmental disclosure system. Companies use the GHGP methodology to calculate their emissions and then report those figures to CDP. CDP is a disclosure platform, not an accounting methodology itself.

Reference:
The Salesforce Net Zero Cloud documentation and trailhead materials consistently state that the application is "built on the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) standard." This ensures that the carbon footprints calculated are credible, consistent, and comparable across organizations, which is a fundamental requirement for the platform.

Explanation:

A. Investors may view non-reporting stocks and companies as riskier
Investors, particularly institutional investors, are increasingly using Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria to evaluate companies.
A company's performance and transparency regarding its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are key components of the "E" in ESG.
Failing to track and report these emissions can signal to investors that the company is not adequately managing its climate-related risks, which can in turn affect the company's valuation.

B. Customers may choose alternative products that are perceived as better for the environment
As consumer awareness and concern for environmental impact grow, customers are more likely to seek out and support companies that demonstrate a commitment to sustainability.
Companies that fail to report their GHG emissions and do not show progress in reducing them risk a damaged reputation and loss of market share to competitors who are transparent about their environmental efforts.

Why the other options are incorrect:
C. Product sales may be blocked in Canada:
While Canada has mandatory GHG reporting programs for certain large emitters, a general failure to report does not lead to a blanket ban on product sales. Regulatory risks are a factor, but this specific consequence is not a guaranteed outcome.
D. Loss of contracts with companies tracking scope 2 emissions:
The failure to track and report your own GHG emissions would be a risk in a contractual relationship with a partner, but a company tracking its own Scope 2 emissions would not necessarily stop doing business with a non-reporting company unless it was a contractual obligation. The risk would be the non-reporting company losing the contract, not the other way around.

Explanation:

Net Zero Cloud comes with several custom managed Lightning components to help users interact with sustainability-related data. Two of these components are:

✅ 1. Manage Record (C)
This Lightning component allows users to easily create or update Net Zero Cloud records, such as emissions data or energy use records.
It’s a custom managed component, meaning it's packaged by Salesforce and part of the Net Zero Cloud product.

✅ 2. Unused Energy Use Records (E)
This component helps users identify energy use records that haven’t been linked to emissions calculations or activities.
It improves data completeness and accuracy for sustainability reporting.

❌ Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Waste Tracking
Not a standard managed Lightning component. While Net Zero Cloud may track waste-related data, this is not delivered as a custom Lightning component.

B. What are two custom managed lightning components that come with Net Zero Cloud?
This is a repeat of the question itself, not an actual answer option.

D. Climate Action Dashboard
This is an Analytics Studio dashboard, not a Lightning component. It's used for visualization, not direct data entry or record management.

Explanation:

To view Einstein Analytics Dashboards provided with Net Zero Cloud, users must have one of the following permission sets:
Sustainability Cloud
Net Zero Cloud
Sustainability App Auditor

These permission sets grant read-only or full access to dashboards depending on the role. Here's how they break down:
Sustainability Cloud
Full access
Admins and sustainability managers
Net Zero Cloud
Full access
Users managing emissions and ESG data
Sustainability App Auditor
Read-only
Auditors, reviewers, executives
These permission sets are tied to CRM Analytics licenses, which are required to access dashboards in Analytics Studio.

❌ Why Not the Others?
A. Event Monitoring Analytics Admin/User:
These relate to Event Monitoring, not Net Zero Cloud. They grant access to dashboards about system usage, not sustainability metrics.
B. Sustainability App Manager:
This grants edit and configuration rights, but does not alone guarantee dashboard visibility unless paired with the correct CRM Analytics license.
D. All Salesforce users:
Incorrect — CRM Analytics access requires specific licenses and permission sets. Not all Salesforce users can view dashboards by default.

🔗 References:
Salesforce Net Zero Cloud Permissions
CRM Analytics Access Control
Trailhead: Get Started with Net Zero Cloud

Explanation:

A. He has not been assigned the Sustainability Cloud / Net Zero Cloud Permission Set License (PSL)
Net Zero Cloud is a licensed, first-party managed package. Before you can set it up, Salesforce says to confirm the Net Zero Cloud PSL exists in the org and assign it to at least one user; if the PSL isn’t provisioned, you’ll hit blockers right away.
B. He has not enabled Einstein Analytics (CRM Analytics) in the org
Net Zero Cloud ships with CRM Analytics assets (dashboards/apps). Packages that include CRM Analytics assets require CRM Analytics to be enabled in the subscriber org, otherwise installation or post-install auto-creation can fail with Wave/Analytics errors. Enable CRM Analytics from Setup, then retry.

Why the others are not correct
C. Not assigned the Sustainability Analytics Permission Set → Permission sets are assigned after the package is installed; not having them doesn’t block the install step.
D. Doesn’t have the most up-to-date AppExchange link → Net Zero Cloud is distributed via a listing/link, but Salesforce’s documented root causes for install failures are things like permissions, org prerequisites, and asset requirements—not “stale links.”
E. Not assigned the Sustainability Cloud/Net Zero Cloud Permission Set (not license) → Like (C), permission set assignment happens post-install; it isn’t a prerequisite to install the package.