Explanation:

Maven follows a well-defined build lifecycle consisting of phases executed in a specific order. The phases listed in the question correspond to key stages in the default lifecycle of Maven. Below is the correct sequence and brief description of each phase:

➝ Validate: Checks if the project is correct and all necessary information is available.
➝ Initialize: Sets up the build process, such as initializing properties or creating directories.
➝ Compile: Compiles the source code of the project.
➝ Test: Runs unit tests using a suitable testing framework (e.g., JUnit). Tests are executed in a separate classpath to avoid interference with the main build.
➝ Package: Takes the compiled code and packages it into its distributable format (e.g., JAR, WAR).
➝ Verify: Runs checks on the results of integration tests to ensure quality criteria are met.
➝ Install: Installs the packaged artifact into the local repository for use by other projects.
➝ Deploy: Copies the final package to a remote repository for sharing with other developers or deployment to production.

❌ Why not the other options?

A. Initialize, validate, compute, test, package, verify, install, deploy: Incorrect because "initialize" comes after "validate," and "compute" is not a valid Maven phase (likely a typo for "compile"). The order is also wrong.

B. Validate, initialize, compile, package, test, install, verify, verify, deploy: Incorrect because "test" should come before "package," and "verify" is listed twice, which is redundant and incorrect.

D. Validation, initialize, compile, test, package, install, verify, deploy: Incorrect because "validation" is not the correct term; the phase is called "validate." Additionally, the sequence has a minor terminology error, making C the more precise choice.

🧩 Reference:
Apache Maven Documentation: Introduction to the Build Lifecycle