Explanation:

✅ A. Automated processes are executed by default
When using Data Loader, Salesforce executes automated processes like Workflow Rules, Process Builder, Flows, and Apex triggers by default for each record inserted or updated. For closed cases, this could trigger unwanted actions (e.g., field updates, email notifications) or slow down the migration due to processing overhead. Consultants must disable or bypass these processes (e.g., via settings or triggers) to prevent issues, especially with large data volumes in a contact center environment.

❌ B. Automated processes are not executed
This option suggests that Data Loader bypasses automated processes like Workflow Rules, Process Builder, Flows, and Apex triggers. However, in Salesforce, Data Loader treats imported records like any other DML operation, triggering all active automation by default. For closed cases, this could lead to unintended updates or performance issues unless automation is explicitly disabled (e.g., via a custom setting). This option is incorrect, as it misrepresents Salesforce’s default behavior during data imports.

❌ C. Only Apex triggers are executed
This option claims that only Apex triggers run during Data Loader imports, excluding other automations like Workflow Rules, Process Builder, or Flows. In reality, Data Loader triggers all active automated processes, including triggers, workflows, and flows, for each record. For closed cases, all automations could impact data integrity or performance unless managed. This option is incorrect, as it inaccurately limits the scope of executed processes, which is critical in a contact center migration scenario.

✅ Correct Answer: A. Automated processes are executed by default

Reasoning:
When using Data Loader to migrate closed cases, Salesforce executes all active automated processes (Workflow Rules, Process Builder, Flows, Apex triggers) by default for each record. This can cause issues like unintended field updates, notifications, or performance delays in a high-volume migration for a contact center. Consultants must consider disabling automations (e.g., via validation rules, custom settings, or sandbox testing) to ensure data integrity and efficiency, aligning with exam best practices for data migration.

Example: While migrating closed cases, a Workflow Rule might reopen cases or send emails unless disabled, impacting Ursa Major Solar’s migration.

References:
👍 Salesforce Trailhead: “Data Loader Basics” explains automation execution during imports.
👍 Salesforce Help: “Data Loader Guide” notes that triggers and workflows run by default.